Second, refer the table at the end. Memorize what started in which age. Neolithic Age began at different times in different parts of the country. But generally Neolithic settlements found in India are no older than BC. Tools were made by keeping one stone fixed and striking it with another stone. Chopper : using a bowl shaped piece of stone, a heavy and bold tool was created. Only one side was worked on unifascial. Chopping tool : same as the chopper but with 2 edges worked on bifascial.
Chopper and chopping tool are characteristic of lower palaeolithic. Hand axe: A tool requiring much greater control than the chopper, a narrower tool with vertical working edge. Cleaver: cleavers are different from hand-axes in having a transverse or horizontal working edge. They are lighter, more precise. Scraper: parallel working edges on the sides, similar to blade, with the difference being blades are much longer than they are wide.
This is also a flake tool. Points: sharpened up to a tip: like a point. These are sometimes grafted onto a wooden handle, for which a shoulder is present. Bone tools: Eg. May be one sided or two sided. In this age, we get Microliths. These are very small tools 1cm to 8cm often geometrical in shape, these were used for beautification eg tattooing, shaving etc.
Mesolithic Age toolkit included pointed and sharp tools, which could be halted on to shafts to make spears. Stone awls could have been used to make perforated hides and scrapers were useful to prepare wood and other materials. During the Neolithic Age, the pace of innovations reached the peak. People experimented with diverse raw materials like bone, ivory, horns and stone. The level of craftsmanship increased and different groups sought their own distinct cultural identity and adopted their own ways of making things.
The Paleolithic Age includes the most basic stone toolkits made by early humans. By the later part of early Stone Age, humans began to strike really large flakes and then shaped them by striking smaller flakes from around the edges. The resulting implements included a new kind of tool called hand-axe. The pace of innovation in stone technology began to accelerate during the Mesolithic Age. Hand-axes were made with wonderful craftsmanship and ultimately gave way to smaller, more diverse toolkits, with an emphasis on flake tools rather than larger core tools.
These toolkits were established early in some parts of Africa, and then in Europe and Asia. This technique raised the skill level in stone technology. Magdalenian Bone Sewing Needle. Definition: A method of creating stone tools by first striking flakes off the stone, or core, along the edges to create the prepared core and then striking the prepared core in such a way that the intended tool is flaked off with all of its edges pre-sharpened.
The Paleolithic is characterized by the use of knapped stone tools, although at the time humans also used wood and bone tools.
Peoples are learned to build fires. Kept records and communicated using cave paintings. Belief in the after life so,started to bury the dead. Backed blade, core, point, triangle, lunate and trapeze are the main Mesolithic tools.
However, some tools used earlier, like scraper, burin and choppers, continue. Art: The people of this age practiced painting. Their paintings depicted birds, animals, and human beings. Tool-makers called homo habilis Fire-makers called homo erectus Neanderthals called homo neanderthalensis Modern humans called homo sapiens.
They did not have an own way of writing but used whatever came in handy: the Latin, Greek or Etruscan alphabet. The Ice Age just barely edges out the Stone Age for the first development, since the beginning of long-term cooling and glaciation preceded the first. People in the Stone Age were hunter-gatherers. This means that they either hunted the food they needed or gathered food from trees and other plants.
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